PREGNANCY CHANGES
IN THE BODY
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LATE PLANNING
OF PREGNANCY
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MORE AND MORE WOMEN TODAY HAVE BECOME AS MUCH CAREER-ORIENTED AS MEN. INCREASING PROFESSIONALISM AND A QUEST FOR IMPROVED LIFESTYLES HAVE LEG TO BOTH HUSBAND AND WIFE WORKING TO EARN LIVELIHOOD. THIS HAS RESULTED IN A MORE EMPOWERED, CONFIDENT AND INDEPENDENT WOMENFOLK. THE FLIP SIDE OF THIS TRANSFORMATION IN THE SOCIAL CANVAS IS THAT COUPLES OFTEN FIND IT DIFFICULT TO PLAN FOR FAMILY AT THE RIGHT AGE. THEY PREFER TO SETTLE DOWN PROFESSIONALLY AND FINANCIALLY BEFORE THEY MAKE UP THEIR MIND TO START A FAMILY. AND BY THAT TIME THEY OFTEN FIND THEMSELVES IN MID-THIRTIES. FOR A WOMEN OVER THE AGE OF 35, CONCEIVING BECOMES A PROBLEM. INGERTILITY INCREASES WITH AGE. FERTILITY PEAS FOR BOTH SEXES IN THEIR MID-TWENTIES, AND THEN APPEARS TO DECLINE STEADILY IN WOMEN OVER THIRTY AND MEN OVER FORTY. TUBAL INFECTIONS, FIBROID TUMORS AND ENDOMETRIOSIS ARE MORE COMMON IN OLDER WOMEN AND ARE A COMMON CAUSE FOR INFERTILITY.
REGULAR PRACTICE FOR YOGA AS MENTIONED IN THE PRE-PREGNANCY SECTION AND A DIET RIGHT IN NUTRIENTS NEEDED FOR VITALITY INDICATED IN THE SAME SECTION CAN HELP TO A GREAT EXTENT IN LATE PLANNING OF PREGNANCY. THE RESULTS DURING OLD AGE PREGNANCY MAY TAKE LONGER TIME TO SHOW UP THAN IN OTHERS.
UNDERSTANDING PREGNANCY
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PREGNANCY IS PRIME DIFFERENTIATING, EXPERIENCE AMONG ALL EXPERIENCES FOR A WOMEN, DURING HER ENTIRE LIFETIME. THIS WONDERFUL EXPERIENCE IS SO DIFFERENT FROM ANY OTHER STAGE IN A WOMAN'S LIFE THAT IT OUGHT TO BE UNDERSTOOD FOR WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IS ENCOMPASSESS. SIMPLY PUT, FOLLOWING ARE THE STAGE IN A NORMAL PREGNANCY.
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THE CELL DIVISION
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WITH CONCEPTION, THE CELL DIVISION STARTS TAKING PLACE. THE CELL STARTS TO DIVIDE INTO MORE AND MORE NUMBER OF CELLS, AND TRAVELS DOWN THE FALLOPIAN TUBE.
REACHING THE WOMB
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APPROXIMATELY ON THE FOURTH DAY AFTER THE FERTILISATION, THE EGG REACHES THE CAVITY OF THE WOMB, TILL THIS TIME IT DEVELOPS INTO A BALL OF ABOUT 100 CELLS CALLED BLASTOCYST, WITH A HOLLOW FLUID-FILLED CENTRE, BUT IS STILL SMALL TO BE SEEN WITH THE NAKED EYE. FOR THE NEXT FEW DAYS, IF FLOATS ABOUT IN THE WOMB CAVITY.
IMPLANTATION
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THE BLASTOCYST GETS EMBEDDED IN THE SOFT, THICK LINING OF THE WOMB AT ABOUT THE END OF THE WEEK THREE. THIS IS CALLED IMPLANATION. WHEN THE EGG IS SECURELY ATTACHED TO THE LINING OF THE WOMB, CONCEPTION IS COMPLETE. PLACENTA IS FORMED WHEN SPONGE LIKE FINGERS FROM THE OUTER CELLS OF TH EMBRYO START TO BUROW INTO THE LINING, TO LINK UP WITH THE MOTHER'S BLOOD VESSELS. PLACENTA IS AN ORGAN TO WHICH THE FOETUS IS ATTACHED BY THE MEANS OF AN UMBILICAL CORD. IT IS THE LIFELINE OF THE FOETUS. PLACENTA PROVIDES NOURISHMENT TO THE GROWING FOETUS THROUGH THE MATERNAL BLOOD. SOME OF THE CELLS OF THE FOETUS DEVELOP INTO THE UMBILICAL CORD, AND THE MEMBRANES THAT PROTECT THE BABY. THE INNER CELLS OF THE FOETUS DIVIDE INTO THREE LAYERS, WHICH DEVELOP INTO THE DIFFERENT BODY PARTS OF THE BODY.
CHANGES IN THE BODY
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PREGNANCY IS THE PERIOD WHEN MAXIMUM CHANGES TAKE PLACE IN THE BOD OF A WOMEN. IT IS ALSO CALLED THE PERIOD OF GREAT PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS FOR THE WOMEN. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOETUS BRINGS ABOUT MANY PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND HORMONAL CHANGES IN THE BODY OF THE MOTHER. LET US UNDERSTAND THESE CHANGES TO BE ABLE TO UNDERTAND PREGNANCY AND THE CAUSES OF COMMON DISCOMFORTS (WHICH WOMEN COME ACROSS IN DIFFERENT PHASES OF PREGNANCY) BETTER AND BE PREPARED TO COPE UP WITH THESE CHANGES.
HORMONAL CHANGES
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DURING PREGNANCY INCREASED SECRETION OF THE GROWTH HORMONE BY THE PITUITARY GLAND, THYROXIN SECRETED BY THYROID GLAND WHICH REGULATES METABOLISM IN THE BODY, ALDOSTERONE, THE SALT-CONSERVING HORMONE BY THE ADRENAL GLAND AND PARATHORMONE SECRETED BY THE PARATHYROID GLAND WHICH REGULATES CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND MAGNESIUM METABOLISM ARE NOTICED.
CHANGES IN THE BODY FLUID
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THERE IS AN INCREASE IN THE BLOOD VOLUMNE BY 40 PERCENT BY THE END OF THE PREGNANCY. THE CAPACITY OF THE HEART TO PUMP BLOOD IS INCREASED BY ABUT 33 PERCENT . THE INCREASED AMOUNT OF BLOOD IS REQUIRED TO CARRY THE NUTRIENTS TO THE FOETUS AND TAKE METABOLIC WASTES AWAY FROM THE FOETUS. WITH THE INCREASE IN THE BLOOD VOLUME, MOST OF THE NUTRIENTS CARRIED BY THE FLUIDS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PLACENTA. INTRACELLULAR WATER ALSO INCREASES IN ADDITION TO THE INCREASE IN FLUID WITH THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. WITH THE INCREASE IN BLOOD VOLUME, THE CONCENTRATION OF PLASMA PROTEINS, HAEMOGLOBIN AND OTHER BLOOD CONSTITUENTS IS LOWERED. THIS IS USUALLY A CAUSE OF ANAEMIA WHICH IS EXPERIENCED BY 60 PERCENT TO 70 PERCENT OF THE PREGNANT WOMEN.
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DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
OF PREGNANCY
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ON THE BASIS OF VARIOUS CHANGES, COMPLICATIONS AND DIFFERENT STAGES OF FOETAL DEVELOPMENT THE HUMAN PREGNANCY IS DIVIDED INTO THREE TRIMESTER. DIFFERENT TRIMESTERS BRING ABOUT DIFFERENT CHANGES AND DEVELOPMENTS IN THE MOTHER AND IN THE FOETUS. HUMAN PREGNANCY LASTS APPROXIMATELY 9 CALENDER MONTHS BETWEEN THE TIME OF THE LAST MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND CHILDBIRTH (APPROXIMATELY 38 WEEKS FROM FERTILISATION).
THE MEDICAL TERM FOR A PREGNANT WOMAN IS GENETALIAN, JUST AS THE MEDICAL TERM FOR THE POTENTIAL BABY IS EMBRYO (EARLY WEEKS) AND THEN FOETUS (UNTIL BIRTH). A WOMAN WHO IS PREGNANT FOR THE FIRST TIME IS KNOWN AS A PRIMIGRAVIDA.
