SECOND TRIMESTER (PREGNANCY ALERT)

 

                                 THE SECOND TRIMESTER

                                 THE SECOND TRIMESTER COVERS THE NEXT THREE MONTHS I.E. FOURTH, FIFTH AND SIXTH MONTHS OF PREGNANCY. THIS IS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL AND ENJOYABLE PERIOD OF PREGNANCY BECAUSE YOU START FEELING YOUR BABY BY THIS TRIMESTER. A SPECIAL BONDING STARTS DEVELOPING BETWEEN THE MOTHER AND THE CHILD. BY THE ONSET OF SECOND TRIMESTER YOU START FEELING MORE ENERGETIC AND FRESH AS MORNING SICKNESS SUBSIDES AND THE RISK OF MISCARRIAGE DROPS NOW. YOUR TUMMY STARTS INCREASING IN SIZE.

                              FOETAL DEVELOPMENT IN 

                                SECOND TRIMESTER

                                        FOURTH MONTH

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•                       THE BABY'S SKIN IS PINK AND SOMEWHAT TRANSPARENT. BLOOD VESSELS ARE STILL VISIBLE. IT IS COVERED BY A FINE, SOFT LAYER OF HAIR CALLED LANUGO. THIS LAYER HELPS TO INSULATE YOUR BABY.
•                      EYEBROWS AND EYLASHES BEGIN TO APPEAR IN THIS MONTH. BUDS ON THE SIDE OF THE HEAD BEGIN TO FORM INT THE OUTER EAR.
•                      THE BABY'S FACE CONTINUE TO DEVELOP. THE TAIL DISAPPEARS FROM THE FOETUS AND THE HEAD MAKES UP ABOUT HALF OF THE BABY'S SIZE.
•                       THE BABY'S NECK IS LONG ENOUGH TO LIFT THE HEAD FROM THE BODY.
•                         THE BABY MOVES, KICKS, SLEEPS, WAKES, SWALLOWS, AND PASSES URINE.
•                       YOU MAY START TO FEEL A SLIGHT SENSATION IN YOUR LOWER ABDOMEN (CALLED QUIKENING). THIS FEELS LIKE BUBBLES OR FLUTTERING. WHEN YOU FEEL THE BABY'S MOVEMENT, WRITE DOWN THE DATE AND TELL YOUR DOCTOR. THIS HELPS DETERMINE WHEN YOUR BABY IS DUE.
•                        THE BABY CAN PROBABLY HEAR NOW AND IS COMFORTED BY THE SOUND OF YOUR HEARTBEAT AND YOUR VOICE.
•                       BY THE END OF THE FOURTH MONTH, BABY IS 8 TO 10 INCHES LONG AND WEIGHS ABOUT 6 OUNCES.

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                                             FIFTH MONTH

1.                             THIS IS A PERIOD OF TREMENDOUS FOR THE BABY. THE INTERNAL ORGANS START MATURING. 
2.                          THE BABY'S FINGERNAILS GROW TO THE TIPS OF THE FINGERS. FAT IS NOW BEING STORED BENEATH THE BABY'S SKIN.
3.                      THE BABY IS ALSO GROWING MUSCLE AND IS GETTING STRONGER EVER DAY.
4.                         THE BABY'S GALL BLADDER BECOMES FUNCTIONAL, PRODUCING BILE NECESSARY FOR DIGESTION.
5.                          THE BABY'S FIRST BOWEL MOVEMENT CALLED MECONIUM IS BEGINNING TO ACCUMULATEIN THE BOWEL. IT IS MADE UP OF UNDIGESTED DEBRIS FROM THE AMNIOTIC FLUID AND VARIOUS SECRETIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT.
6.                        TINY AIR SACS CALLED ALVEOLI BEGIN TO FORM IN LUNGS.
7.                        VOCAL CHORDS OF THE FOETUS ARE FORMED, THOUGH IS NOT POSSIBLE FOR THE BABY TO MAKE SOUND IN ABSENCE OF AIR.
8.                         BODY HAIR, INCLUDING EYEBROWS AND EYELASHES, START TO GROW.
9.                        THE BABY SLEEPS AND WAKES AT REGULAR INTERVALS. SHE IS MUCH MORE ACTIVE NOW. SHE TURNS FROM SIDE TO SIDE AND HEAD OVER HEELS. THE BABY MAY SUCK HER THUMB.
10.                      AT THE END OF THE FIFTH MONTH, BABY WILL BE ABOUT 10-12 INCHES LONG AND WILL WEIGH ABOUT 1 POUND.

  SIXTH MONTH

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• BY THE END OF THIS TRIMESTER THE BABY STARTS RESPONDING TO YOUR TOUCH THROUGH YOUR BELLY WALL. THEREFORE TOUCHING AND PLAYING WITH THE BABY IS POSSIBLE NOW.
•  THE SPINE GETS STRONGER AND SUPPLER TO SUPPORT THE GROWING BODY OF THE FOETUS. IT IS NOW MADE UP OF 150 JOINTS, 33 RINGS, AND SOME, 1000 LIGAMENTS.
•  THE SKIN DEVELOPS FAST AND BECOMES LESS TRANSPARENT.
•  RETINAS BEGIN TO FORM AND HER OPTIC NERVE STARTS WORKING. IF AN INTENSE LIGHT IS SHOWN ON THE ABDOMEN OF THE MOTHER, IN RESPONSE TO IT THE BABY TURN HER HEAD.
•  THE BABY'S BRAIN DEVELOPS RAPIDLY. FATTY SHEATHS WHICH TRANSMIT ELECTRICAL IMPULSES ALONG NERVES ARE FORMING.
•  A SPECIAL TYPE OF FAT (BROWN FAT) THAT KEEPS YOUR BABY WARM AT BIRTH IS FORMING.
•  BABY GIRL DEVELOP EGGS IN THEIR OVARIES DURING THIS MONTH.
•  THE BABY'S BONES BECOME SOLID.
•  YOUR BABY IS ALMOST FULLY FORMED AND LOOKS LIKE A MINIATURE HUMAN. HOWEVER, BECAUSE THE LUNGS ARE NOT WELL-DEVELOPED AND THE BABY IS STILL VERY SMALL, A BABY CANNOT USUALLY LIVE OUTSIDE THE UTERNUS AT THIS STAGE WITHOUT HIGHLY SPECIALIZED CARE.
•  BY THE END OF THE SIXTH MONTH, THE BABY IS AROUND 11 TO 14 INCHES AND WEIGHS ABOUT ONE AND A HALF POUNDS.

    

                          WEIGHT GAIN SIX MONTH

                        THIS TRIMESTER WITNESSESS THE MAXIMUM WEIGHT GAIN. IT IS IMPORTANT TO GAIN WEIGHT DURING THIS TIME TO NOURISH THE DEVELOPING FOETUS AND TO STORE UP RESERVE FOR BREASTFEEDING. THE IDEAL WEIGHT GAIN FOR THE SECOND TRIMESTER IS 12 TO 14 POUNDS IN THREE MONTHS. THE IDEAL WEIGHT GAIN BETWEEN 14-20 WEEKS IS 4-6 POUNDS OR 2.5 KILOGRAMS AND BETWEEN 20-30 WEEK IS 10-12 POUNDS OR 4.5 KILOGRAMS. SO KEEP A CLOSE CHECK ON YOUR WEIGHT DURING THIS TRIMESTER.

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                        EXCESSIVE WEIGHT GAIN : IF THERE IS A SUDDEN WEIGHT GAIN OF MORE THAN TWO POUNDS, ACCOMPANIED BY SWELLING OF HANDS AND FACE ACCOMPANIED WITH HEADCHE OR VISUAL DISTURBANCE, YOU SHOULD CALL YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY.

                              LOW WEIGHT GAIN : LOW WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY (ESPECIALLY IN SECOND TRIMESTER) IS NOT A GOOD SIGN. IT COULD INDICATE ONE OF TWO COMPLICATIONS. INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION OR OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS (LESS AMNIOTIC FLUID AROUND THE FOETUS). BOTH OF THESE CONDITIONS ARE RELATED IN THE SENSE THAT OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS COULD BE THE CAUSE FOR INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION, OR VICE-VERSA. IF THE INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION IS A RESULT OF POOR NUTRITION, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE MOTHER GETS OPTIMUM NUTRITION AND PLENTY OF REST. IF THERE IS NO WEIGHT GAIN FOR TWO CONSECUTIVE WEEKS, YOU SHOULD CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR.

 

                    PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN 

                          DURING FIRST TRIMESTER

                         PREGNANCY IS A VERY SENSITIVE PERIOD FOR BOTH THE MOTHER AND THE LITTLE ONE GROWING IN THE WOMB. THE SAFETY OF THE CHILD DEPENDS ENTIRELY UPON THE SAFETY MEASURES TAKEN BY THE MOTHER TO BE. THEREFORE, THE MOTHER HAS TO TAKE SEVERAL PRECAUTIONS THROUGHOUT THE PREGNANCY. THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT SINCE THIS IS THE PERIOD WHERE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT FROM CELLS TO EMBRYO TO FOETUS TAKES PLACE AND ALL ORGANS BEGIN TO TAKE SHAPE AND START FUNCTIONING. HERE ARE SOME DIRECTIONS ABOUT THE PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING THIS TRIMESTER:

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• DO NOT EAT RAW, UNCOOKED OR UNDECOOKED MEAT AND EGGS. EAT COOKED MEALS ONLY.
•  DO NOT OVERCOOK VEGETABLES, AS IT LEADS TO LOSS OT NUTRIENTS.
•  DO NOT EAT RAW VEGETABLES EITHER AND ALSO WASH ALL THE FRUITS NICELY BEFORE CONSUMING.
•  AVOID TAKING CAFFEINATED BEVERAGES LIKE COFFE, TEA, COLAS BECAUSE EXCESSIVE INTAKE OF CAFFEINE MAY RESULT IN CAFFEINE ENTERING THE FOETAL CIRCULATION DEVELOPING THE RISK OF MISCARRIAGE, SEVERAL ABNORMALITIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES LATER IN LIFE. THERE ARE SEVERAL OTHER REASONS TO CUT DOWN THE INTAKE OF CAFFEINE, DRINKING COFFEE AND TEA SPOILS APPETITE AND CAN AFFECT NORMAL SLEEP PATTERN, CREATES INSOMNIA AND AGGRAVATES MOOD SWINGS. CAFFEINE MAY ALSO INTERFERE WITH THE ABSORPTION OF SOME ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS.
•  IF YOU ARE A NON-VEGETARIAN AND LOVE EATING FISH AND SEAFOOD THEN KEEP A TIGHT HAND ON THEIR CONSUMPTION AMOUNT BECAUSE ALTHOUGH FISH AND SEAFOOD ARE EXCELLENT LOW-FAT SOURCES OF MANY NUTRIENTS BUT MERCURY IS A CONTAMINANT FOUND IN FISH THAT CAN AFFECT BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE FOETUS. THERE IS A CONCERN ABOUT EATING FISH AND SEAFOOD DURING PREGNANCY, SINCE MANY TYPES OF FISHES MAY CONTAIN HIGH LEVELS OF MERCURY. EAT NO MORE THAN 12 OUNCES OF COOKED FISH A WEEK. DO NOT EAT SHARKS, SWORDFISH, KING MACKEREL OR TILEFISH.
•  WHILE PLANNING A DAY'S MENU FOR YOURSELF ADD FOODS FROM EACH FOOD GROUP, BECAUSE ALL FOOD GROUPS ARE IMPORTANT IN THE QUEST OF ADDING ALL ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS IN YOUR DIET.
•  DO NOT TRY TO DO ANY OTHER VIGOROUS EXERCISES OTHER THAN YOGA THERAPY PRESCRIBED HERE IN THIS BLOG AND DO NOT TRY TO MOULD THEM ACCORDING TO YOUR LIKING . PERFORM YOGA THERAPY STEP BY STEP AND IN THE SAME SEQUENCE AS MENTIONED IN THIS BLOG. STOP ALL EXERCISES IN CASE YOU NOTICE ANY SIGN OF PERSISTANT DISCOMFORT OR PAIN AND CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR.
•  CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR BEFORE TAKING ANY MEDICINE OR DRUGS WITHOUT DOCTOR'S ADVICE.
•  CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY IF NAUSEA, DIARRHOEA, OR VOMITTING PERSISTS. SEVERELY FOR LONGER THAN  24 HOURS.
•  BEWARE OF TOXIC CHEMICAL LIKE PESTICIDES.
•  AVOID ALCOHOL AND SMOLING AND ALSO DON'T ALLOW ANYBODY TO SMOKE NEAR YOU.
•  AVOID STRESS, CREATE A POSITVE ENVIRONMENT FULL OF LAUGHTER. INDULGE IN GOOD BLOG, GREENERY AND SOOTHING MUSIC TO KEEP YOUR MIND OCCUPIED AND TENSION FREE.

•  AVOID JERKS, ACCIDENTS AND ALWAYS WEAR A SEATBELT WITH TRAVELLING IN A CAR.

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                         NUTRIENTS SHOULD BE

                                       RECOMMENDED

•  EARLY MORNING            LEMON TEA, COOKIES OF YOUR CHOICE
•  BEFORE BREAKFAST     LEMON AND HONEY MIXED WATER 
•  BREAKFAST                     BROKEN WHEAT PORRIDGE IN MILK, 
•  AFTER BREAKFAST        FRESH MIX FRUIT JUICE
•  MID-MORNING                 VEGETABLE IDLI
•  LUNCH                                 TOMATO SPINACH SOUP, MIX VEGETABLE
•  AFTER LUNCH                    KAJU BARFI
•  EVENING SNACK              BANANA MILKSHAKE, WALNUT
•  DINNER                               VEG PULAO, CURD, SALAD
•  BEDTIME                             HOT ALMOND MILK

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                   DIETETICS

                          REGULAR DIET DURING

                                        FIRST TRIMESTER

                           IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER, THE GROWTH TAKES PLACE ONLY BY AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CELLS. INADEQUATE DIET DURING THIS PERIOD OF CELL DIVISION CAN DEPRESS THE CELL NUMBER WHICH CANNOT BE MADE BETTER BY TAKING AN ADEQUATE DIET AT A LATTER DATE. THE EFFECT OF MALNUTRITION AT THIS STAGE IS PERMANENT. INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CELLS REQUIRES FOLIC ACID AND VITAMIN B12. BOTH THESE VITAMINS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE SYNTHETIS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS, WHICH MUST BE PRODUCED EACH TIME A CELL DIVIDES. DURING THE EARLY STAGES OF PREGNANCY, THE PLACENTA IS NOT FORMED YET, SO THERE IS NO MECHANISM TO PROTECT THE EMBRYO FROM THE DEFICIENCIES WHICH MAY BE INHERENT IN THE MOTHER'S CIRCULATION, SO IT IS CRITICAL THAT THE CORRECT AMOUNT OF NUTRIENTS ARE CONSUMED DURING THIS PERIOD.

                       IN THE SECOND PHASE OF THIS TRIMESTER, THE NEW CELLS TO FORM AND ALREADY FORMED ONES CONTINUE TO INCREASE IN SIZE. THIS PROCESS IS CALLED HYPERTROPHY. THIS PHASE PARTICULARLY REQUIRES PROTEINS AND VITAMIN B6.

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