WHAT IS THE BRIEF ABOUT PRANAYAMA ?

 

INTRODUCTION OR PRANAYAMA

PRANAYAMA

PRANAYAMA IS GENERALLY DEFINED AS BREATH CONTROL. ALTHOUGH THIS INTERPRETATION MAY SEEM CORRECT IN VIEW OF THE PRACTICES INVOLVED, IT DOES NOT CONVEY THE FULL MEANING OF THE TERM. THE WORD PRANAYAMA IS COMPRISED OF TWO ROOTS. "PRANA PULS AYAMA". PRANA MEANS "VITAL ENERGY" OR "LIFE FORCE". IT IS THE FORCE WHICH EXISTS IN ALL THINGS, WHETHER ANIMATE OR INANIMATE. ALTHOUGH CLOSELY RELATED TO THE AIR WE BREATHE, IT IS MORE SUBTLE THAN AIR OR OXYGEN.

THEREFORE, PRANAYAMA SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED AS MERE BREATHING EXERCISE AIMED AT INTRODUCING EXTRA OXYGEN INTO THE LUNGS. PRANAYAMA UTILIZES BREATHING TO INFLUENCE THE FLOW OF PRANA IN THE NADIS OR ENERGY CHANNELS OF THE PRANAMAYA KOSHA OR ENERGY BODY.

THE WORD "YAMA MEANS "CONTROL" AND IS USED TO DENOTE VARIOUS RULES OR CODES OF CONDUCT.

FOUR ASPECTS OF 

PRANAYAMA

IN THE PRANAYAMA PRACTICES THERE ARE FOUR IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF BREATHING WHICH ARE UTILIZED: 

• POORAKA OR INHALATION
• RECHAKA OR EXHALATION
• ANTAR KUMBHAKA OR INTERNAL BREATH RETENTION
• BAHIR KUMBHAKA OR EXTERNAL BREATH RETENTION.

 

THE DIFFERENT PRACTICES OF PRANAYAMA INVOLVE VARIOUS TECHNIQUES WHICH UTILIZE THESE FOUR ASPECTS OF BREATHING. THERE IS ANOTHER MODE OF PRANAYAMA, WHICH IS CALLED KEVALA KUMBHAKA OR SPONTANEOUS BREATH RETENTION.

THE PRANIC BODY

 

 

ACCORDING TO YOGIC PHYSIOLOGY, THE HUMAN FRAMEWORK IS COMPRISED OF FIVE BODIES OR SHEATHS, WHICH ACCOUNT FOR THE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OR DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN EXISTENCE. THESE FIVE SHEATHS ARE KNOWN AS 

• ANNAMAYA KOSHA (FOOD OR MATERIAL BODY)
• MANOMAYA KOSHA (MENTAL BODY)
• PRANAMAYA KOSHA (BIOPLASMIC OR VITAL ENERGY)
• VIJINAMAYA KOSHA (HIGHER MENTAL BODY)
• ANANDAMAYA KOSHA (BLISS BODY)

 

PRANA 

 

IN THIS CONTEXT DOES NOT REFER TO COSMIC PRANA, BUT RATHER TO JUST ONE FLOW OF ENERGY, GOVERNING THE THORACIC AREA BETWEEN THE LARYNX AND THE TOP OF THE DIAPHRAGM. IT IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE HEART AND ORGANS OF RESPIRATION TOGETHER WITH THE  MUSCLES AND NERVES THAT ACTIVATE THEM. IT IS THE FORCE BY WHICH THE BREATH IS DRAWN INSIDE.

APANA 

 

 

APANA GOVERNS THE ABDOMEN, BELOW THE NAVEL REGION, AND PROVIDES ENERGY FOR THE LARGE INTESTINE, KIDNEYS, AND GENITALS.IT IS CONCERNED WITH THE EXPULSION OF WASTE THE BODY AND IS THE FORCE WHICH EXPELS THE BREATH.

SAMANA 

 

 

SAMANA IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE HEART AND THE NAVEL. IT ACTIVATES AND CONTROLS THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, THE LIVER, INTESTINES, PANCREAS AND STOMACH, AND THEIR SECREATIONS, SAMANA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR TRANSFORMATION. ON A PHYSICAL LEVEL THIS RELATES TO THE ASSIMILATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS. ON AN EVOLUNTIONARY LEVEL IT RELATES TO KUNDALINI AND EXPANSION OF CONSCIOUSNESS.

UDANA 

 

 

UDANA GOVERNS THE NECK AND HEAD, ACTIVATING ALL THE SENSORY RECEPTORS SUCH AS THE EYES, TONGUE, NOSE AND EARS. UDANA ALSO HARMONIZES AND ACTIVATES THE LIMBS AND ALL THEIR ASSOCIATED MUSCLES, LIGAMENTS, NERVES AND JOINTS. IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ERECT POSTURE OF THE BODY, SENSORY AWARENESS, AND THE ABILITY TO RESPOND TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

VYANA

 

 

VYANA PERVADES THE WHOLE BODY, REGULATING AND CONTROLLING ALL MOVEMENT, AND COORDINATING THE OTHER PRANAS. IT ACTS AS THE RESERVE FORCE FOR THE OTHER PRANAS.

ALONG WITH THESE FIVE MAJOR PRANAS THERE ARE FIVE MINOR PRANAS KNOWN AS THE UPA-PRANA, NAGA, KOORMA, KIRKARA, DEVADATTA AND DHANANJAYA. NAGA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR BELCHING KRIKARA GENERATES HUNGER, THIRST, SNEEZING AND COUGHING. DEVADATTA INDUCES SLEEP AND YAWNING. DHANANJAYA LINGERS AFTER DEATH AND UPON ITS DEPARTURE, DECAY AND DECOMPOSITION OF THE BODY BEGINS TO HAPPEN.

BREATH

 

 

RHYTHMIC, DEEP AND SLOW RESPIRATION STIMULATES AND IS STIMULATED BY CALM, CONTENT, STATES OF MIND, IRREGULAR BREATHIG DISRUPTS THE RHYTHMS OF THE BRAIN AND LEADS TO PHYSICAL, EMOTIONAL AND MENTAL BLOCKS. THESE, IN TURN, LEAD TO INNER CONFLICT, UNBALANCED PERSONALTIY, A DISORDERS LIFESTYLE AND DISEASE. PRANAYAMA ESTABLISH REGULAR BREATHING PATTERNS, BREAKING THIS NEGATIVE CYCLE AND REVERSING THE DEBILITATING PROCESS. IT DOES SO BY GIVING US CONTROL OF THE BREATH AND RE ESTABLISHING THE NATURAL, RELAXED RHYTHMS OF THE BODY AND MIND.

SPIRITUAL ASPIRANT

PRANAYAMA PRACTICES ESTABLISH A HEALTHY BODY BY REMOVING BLOCKAGES IN THE PRANAYAMA KOSHA, ENABLING INCREASED ABSORPTION AND RETENTION OF PRANA. THE SPIRITUAL SEEKER REQUIRES TRANQUILLITY OF MIND AS AN ESSENTIAL PRELUDE TO SPIRITUAL PRACTICE. TO THIS END, MANY PRANAYAMA TECHNIQUE UTILIZE KUMBHAKA, BREATH RETENTION, TO ESTABLISH CONTROL OVER THE FLOW OF PRANA, CALMING THE MIND AND CONTROLLING THE THOUGHT PROCESS.

ONCE THE MIND HAS BEEN STLLED AND PRANA FLOWS FREELY IN THE NADIS AND CHAKRAS, THE DOORWAY TO THE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS OPENS, LEADING THE ASPIRANT INTO HIGHER DIMENSION OF SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE. IN THE SCIENCE OF PRANAYAMA, SWAMI SIVANANDA WRITES, "THERE IS AN INTIMATE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE BREATH, NERVE CURRENTS AND CONTROL OF THE INNER PRANA OR VITAL FORCE. PRANA BECOMES VISIBLE ON THE PHYSICAL PLANE AS MOTION AND ACTION, AND ON THE MENTAL PLANE AS THOUGHT. PRANAYAMA IS THE MEANS BY WHICH A YOGI TRIES TO REALIZE WITHIN HIS INDIVIDUAL BODY THE WHOLE COSMIC NATURE, AND ATTEMPTS TO ATTAIN PERFECTION BY ATTAINING ALL THE POWERS OF THE UNIVERSE.

BATHING

TAKE A BATH OR SHOWER BEFORE COMMENCING THE PRACTICE, OR AT LEAST WASH THE HANDS, FACE AND FEET. DO NOT TAKE A BATH FOR AT LEAST HALF AN HOUR AFTER THE PRACTICE TO ALLOW THE BODY TEMPERATURE TO NORMALIZE.

DIET

 

 

A BALANCED DIET OF PROTEIN, CARBODYDRATES, FATS, VITAMINS AND MINERALS IS SUITABLE FOR MOST PRANAYAMA PRACTICES. A COMBINATION OF GRAINS, PULSES, FRESH FRUIT AND VEGETABLES, WITH SOME MILK PRODUCTS IF NECESSARY IS RECOMMENDED.

SIDE EFFECTS

VARIOUS SYMPTOMS MAY MANIFEST IN NORMALLY HEALTHY PEOPLE. THESE ARE CAUSED BY THE PROCESS OF PURIFICATION AND THE EXPULSION OF TOXINS. SENSATIONS OF ITCHING, TINGLING, HEAT OR COLD, AND FEELINGS OF LIGHTNESS OR HEAVINESS MAY OCCUR. SUCH EXPERIENCE ARE GENERALLY TEMPORARY, BUT IF THEY PERSIST, CHECK WITH A COMPETENT TEACHER. ENERGY LEVELS MAY INCREASE OR FLUCTUATE, INTERESTS MAY CHANGE. IF SUCH CHANGES CAUSE DIFFICULT IN LIFESTYLE, DECREASE OR STOP THE PRACTICE UNTIL A COMPETENT TEACHER OR GURU GIVES GUIDANCE.

NATURAL BREATHING

THIS IS A SIMPLE TECHNIQUE WHICH INTRODUCE PRACTITIONER TO THEIR OWN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND BREATHING PATTERNS. IT IS VERY RELAXING AND MAY BE PRACTICED AT ANY TIME. AWARENESS OF THE BREATHING PROCESS IS ITSELF SUFFICIENT TO SLOW DOWN THE RESPIRATORY RATE AND ESTABLISH A MORE RELAXED RHTHM.

NATURAL BREATING

• SIT IN A COMFORTABLE MEDITATION POSTURE OR LIE IN SHAVASANA AND RELAX THE WHOLE BODY.
• OBSERVE THE NATURAL AND SPONTANEOUS BREATHING PROCESS.
• DEVELOP TOTAL AWARENESS OF THE RHYTHMIC FLOW OF THE BREATH.
• FEEL THE BREATH FLOWING IN AND OUT OF THE NOSE.
• DO NOT CONTROL THE BREATH IN ANY WAY.
• NOTICE THAT THE BREATH IS COOL AS IT ENTERS THE NOSTRILS AND WARM AS IF FLOWS OUT.
• OBSERVE THIS WITH THE ATTITUDE OF A DETACHED WITNESS.
• FEEL THE BREATH FLOWING IN AND OUT AT THE BACK OF THE MOUTH ABOVE THE THROAT.
• BRING THE AWARENESS DOWN TO THE REGION OF THE THROAT AND FEEL THE BREATH FLOWING IN THE THROAT.
• BRING THE AWARENESS DOWN TO THE REGION OF THE CHEST AND FEEL THE BREATH FLOWING IN THE TRACHEA AND BRONCHIAL TUBES.
• NEXT, FEEL THE BREATH FLOWING IN THE LUNGS.
• BE AWARE OF THE LUNGS EXPANDING AND RELAXING.
• SHIFT THE ATTENTION TO THE RIBCAGE AND OBSERVE THE EXPANSION AND RELAXATION OF THIS AREA.
• BRING THE AWARENESS DOWN TO THE ABDOMEN.
• FEEL THE ABDOMEN MOVE UPWARD ON INHALATION AND DOWNWARD ON EXHALATION.
• FINALLY, BECOME AWARE OF THE WHOLE BREATHING PROCESS FROM THE NOSTRILS TO THE ABDOMEN AND CONTINUE OBSERVING IT FOR SOME TIME.
• BRING THE AWARENESS BACK TO OBSERVING THE PHYSICAL BODY AS ONE UNIT AND OPEN THE EYES.

ABDOMINAL BREATHING

 

ABDOMINAL OR DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING IS PRACTICED BY ENHANCING THE ACTION OF THE DIAPHRAGM AND MINIMIZING THE ACTION OF THE RIBCAGE. THE DIAPHRAGM IS A DOMED SHEET OF MUSCLE THAT SEPARATES THE LUNGS FROM THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND , WHEN FUNCTIONING CORRECTLY, PROMOTES THEMOST EFFICIENT TYPE OF BREATHING.

ABDOMINAL BREATHING IS THE MOST NATURAL AND EFFICIENT WAY TO BREATH. HOWEVER, DUE TO TENSION, POOR POSTURE, RESTRICTIVE CLOTHING AND LACK OF TRAINING, IT IS OFTEN FORGOTTEN. ONCE THIS TECHNIQUE AGAIN BECOMES A PART OF DAILY LIFE AND CORRECT BREATHING IS RESTORED, THERE WILL BE A GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN THE STATE OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL WELLBEING.

ABDOMINAL BREATHING

• LIE IN SHAVASANA AND RELAX THE WHOLE BODY.
• PLACE THE RIGHT HANDON THE ABDOMEN JUST ABOVE THE NAVEL AND THE LEFT HANDOVER THE CENTRE OF THE CHEST.
• OBSERVE THE SPONTANEOUS BREATH WITHOUT CONTROLLING IT IS ANY WAY.
• LET IT BE ABSOLUTELY NATURAL.
• TO PRACTICE ABDOMINAL BREATHING, FEEL AS THOUGH YOU ARE DRAWING THE ENERGY AND BREATH INAND OUT DIRECTLY THOUGH THE NAVEL.
• THE RIGHT HAND WILL MOVE UP WITH INHALATION AND DOWN WITH EXHALATION.
• THE LEFT HAND REMAINS ALMOST STILL.
• LET THE ABDOMEN RELAX.
• DO NOT TRY TO FORCE THE MOVEMENT IN ANY WAY.
• DO NOT EXPAND THE CHEST OR MOVE THE SHOULDERS.
• FEEL THE ABDOMEN EXPANDING AND CONTRACTING.
• CONTINUE BREATHING SLOWLY AND DEEPLY.

• INHALE WHILE EXPANDING THE ABDOMEN AS MUCH AS IS COMFORTABLE, WITHOUT EXPANDING THE RIBCAGE.
• AT THE END OF THE INHALATION, THE DIAPHRAGM WILL BE COMPRESSING THE ABDOMEN AND THENAVEL WILL BE AT ITS HIGHEST POINT.
• ON EXHALATION, THE DIAPHRAGM MOVES UPWARD AND THE ABDOMEN MOVES DOWNWARD.
• AT THE END OF THE EXHALATION, THE ABDOMEN WILL BE CONTRACTED AND THE NAVEL COMPRESSED TOWARDS THE SPINE.
• CONTINUE FOR A FEW MINUTES.
• RELAX ANY EFFORT AND ONCE AGAIN WATCH SPONTANEOUS BREATHING PATTERN.
• BRING THE AWARENESS BACK TO OBSERVING THE PHYSICAL BODY AS A WHOLE.
• BE AWARE OF THE SURROUNDINGS AND GENTLY OPEN THE EYES.

THORACIC BREATHING

THORACIC BREATHING UTILIZES THE MIDDLE LOBES OF THE LUNGS BY EXPANDING AND CONTRACTING THE RIBCAGE. IT EXPANDS MORE ENERGY THAN ABDOMINAL BREATHING FOR THE SAME QUANTITY OF AIR EXCHANGE. IT IS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND EXERTION, AS WELL AS STRESS AND TENSION, WHEN COMBINED WITH ABDOMINAL BREATHING, IT HELPS THE BODY TO OBTAIN MORE OXYGEN. HOWEVER, THE TENDENCY IN MANY PEOPLE IS TO CONTINUE THIS TYPE OF BREATHING INSTEAD OF ABDOMINAL BREATHING LONG AFTER THE STRESSFUL SITUATION HAS PASSED, CREATING BAD BREATHING HABITS AND CONTINUED TENSION.

• SIT IN A MEDITATION POSTURE OR LIE IN SHAVASANA AND RELAX THE WHOLE BODY.
• MAINTAIN UNBROKEN AWARENESS OF THE NATURAL BREATH FOR SOME TIME, CONCENTRATING ON THE SIDES OF THE CHEST.
• DISCONTINUE ANY FURTHER USE OF THE THE DIAPHRAGM AND BEGIN TO INHALE BY SLOWLY EXPANDING THE RIBCAGE.
• FEEL THE MOVEMENT OF THE INDIVIDUAL RIBS OUTWARD AND UPWARD, AND BE AWARE OF THIS EXPANSION DRAWING AIR INTO THE LUNGS.
• EXPAND THE CHEST AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE.
• EXHALE BY RELAXING THE CHEST MUSCLES.
• FEEL THE RIBCAGE CONTRACTING AND FORCING THE AIR OUT OF THE LUNGS.
• BREATHE SLOWLY AND DEEPLY THROUGH THE CHEST WITH TOTAL AWARENESS.
• DO NOT USE THE DIAPHRAGM.
• CONTINUE THORAIC BREATHING FOR A FEW MINUTES, PAUSING SLIGHTLY AFTER EACH INHALATION AND EXHALATION.
• RELAX ANY EFFORT AND ONCE AGAIN WATCH THE SPONTANEOUS BREATHING PATTERN.
• BRING THE AWARENESS BACK TO OBSERVING THE PHYSICAL BODY AS A WHOLE.
• BE AWARE OF THE SURROUNDINGS AND GENTLY OPEN THE EYES. 

CLAVICULAR BREATHING

CLAVICULAR BREATHIG IS THE FINAL STAGE OF TOTAL RIBCAGE EXPANSION. IT OCCURS AFTER THE THORAIC INHALATION HAS BEEN COMPLETED. IN ORDER TO ABSORB A LITTLE MORE AIR INTO THE LUNGS, THE UPPER RIBS AND THE COLLAR BONE ARE PULLED UPWARDS BY THE MUSCLES OF THE NECK, THROAT AND STERNUM. THIS REQUIRES MAXIMUM EXPANSION ON INHALATION AND ONLY THE UPPER LOBES OF THE LUNGS ARE VENTILATED. IN DAILY LIFE, CLAVICULAR BREATHING IS ONLY USED UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXTREME PHYSICAL EXERTION AND WHEN EXPERIENCING OBSTRUTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES SUCH AS ASTHMA.

HOW TO DO?

• LIE IN SHAVASANA AND RELAX THE WHOLE BODY.
• MAINTAIN UNBROKEN AWARENESS OF THE NATURAL BREATH FOR SOME TIME, CONCENTRATING ON THE SIDES OF THE CHEST.
• PERFORM THORACIC BREATHING FOR A FEW MINUTES.
• INHALE, FULLY EXPANDING THE RIBCAGE.
• WHEN THE RIBS ARE FULLY EXPANDED, INHALE A LITTLE MORE UNTIL EXPANSION IS FELT IN THE UPPER POSITION OF THE LUNGS AROUND THE BASE OF THE NECK.
• THE SHOULDERS AND COLLAR BONE SHOULD ALSO MOVE UP SLIGHTLY.
• THIS WILL TAKE SOME EFFORT.
• EXHALE SLOWLY, FIRST RELEASING THE LOWER NECK AND UPPER CHEST, THEN RELAXING THE REST OF THE RIBCAGE BACK TO ITS STARTING POSITION.
• CONTINUE FOR A FEW MORE BREATHS, OBSERVING THE EFFECT OF THIS TYPE OF BREATHING.
• RELAX ANY EFFORT AND ONCE AGAIN WATCH THE SPONTANEOUS BREATHING PATTERN.
• BRING AWARENESS BACK TO OBSERVING THE PHYSICAL BODY AS A WHOLE.
• BE AWARE OF THE SURROUNDINGS AND GENTLY OPEN THE EYES.
• 
  

YOGIC BREATHING

YOGIC BREATHING COMBINES THE PREVIOUS THREE TECHNIQUE. IT IS USED TO MAXIMIZE INHALATION AND EXHALATION. ITS PURPOSE IS TO GAIN CONTROL OF THE BREATH, CORRECT POOR BREATHING HABITS AND INCREASE OXYGEN INTAKE.

IT MAY BE PRACTICED AT ANY TIME AND IS ESPECIALLY USEFUL IN SITUATIONS OF HIGH STRESS OR ANGER FOR CALMING THE NERVES. HOWEVER, WHILE ITS INCLUSION IN A DAILY YOGA PROGRAM WILL CORRECT AND DEEPEN NATURAL BREATHING PATTERNS, YOGIC BREATHING ITSELF SHOULD NOT BE PERFORMED CONTINUALLY.

HOW TO DO ?

• SIT IN A MEDITATION POSTURE OR LIE IN SHAVASANA AND RELAX THE WHOLE BODY.
• INHALE SLOWLY AND DEEPLY, ALLOWING THE ABDOMEN TO EXPAND FULLY.
• TRY TO BREATHE SO SLOWLY THAT LITTLE OR NO SOUND OF THE BREATH CAN BE HEARD.
• FEEL THE AIR REACHING INTO THE BOTTOM OF THE LUNGS.
• AT THE END OF ABDOMINAL EXPANSION, START TO EXPAND THE CHEST OUTWARD AND UPWARD.
• WHEN THE RIBS ARE FULLY EXPANDED, INHALE A LITTLE MORE UNTIL EXPANSION IS FELT IN THE UPPER PORTION OF THE LUNGS AROUND THE BASE OF THE NECK.
• THE SHOULDERS AND COLLAR BONE SHOULD ALSO MOVE UP SLIGHTLY.
• SOME TENSION WILL BE FELT IN THE NECK MUSCLES.
• THE REST OF THE BODY SHOULD BE RELAXED.
• FEEL THE AIR FILLING THE UPPER LOBES OF THE LUNGS.
• THIS COMPLETE ONE INHALATION.
• THE WHOLE PROCESS SHOULD BE ONE CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT, EACH PHASE OF BREATING MERGING INTO TH NEXT WITHOUT ANY OBVIOUS TRANSITION POINT.
• THERE SHOULD BE NO JERKS OR UNNECESSARY STRAIN.
• THE BREATHING SHOULD BE LIKE THE SWEEL OF THE SEA.
• NOW START TO EXHALE.

• FIRST, RELAX THE LOWER NECK AND UPPER CHEST, THEN ALLOW THE CHEST TO CONTRACT DOWNWARD AND THEN INWARD.
• NEXT, ALLOW THE DIAPHRAGM TO PUSH UPWARD AND TOWARD THE CHEST.
• WITHOUT STRAINING, TRY TO EMPTY THE LUNGS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE BY DRAWING OR PULLING THE ABDOMINAL WALL AS NEAR AS POSSIBLE TO THE SPINE.
• THE ENTIRE MOVEMENT SHOULD BE HARMONIOUS AND FLOWING.
• HOLD THE BREATH FOR A FEW SECONDS AT THE END OF EXHALATION.
• THIS COMPLETES ONE ROUND OF YOGIC BREATHING.
• AT FIRST PERFORM 5 TO 10 ROUNDS AND SLOWLY INCREASE TO 10 MINUTES DAILY.
• RELAX ANY EFFORT AND ONCE AGAIN WATCH SPONTANEOUS BREATHING PATTERN.
• BRING THE AWARENESS BACK TO OBSERVING THE PHYSICAL BODY AS A WHOLE.
• BE AWARE OF THE SURROUNDINGS AND GENTLY OPEN THE EYES.

PRACTICE NOTES

THE MAIN REQUIREMENT IN PRANAYAMA IS THAT RESPIRATION BE COMFORTABLE AND RELAXED. CONSEQUENTLY, ONCE AWARENESS AND CONTROL OF THE BREATHING PROCESS HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED, THE CLAVICULAR TECHNIQUE IS DROPPED AND YOGIC BREATHING IS MODIFIED TO BECOME A COMBINATION OF ABDOMINAL AND THORACIC BREATHING. THE BREATH SHOULD FLOW NATURALLY AND NOT BE FORCED.